Biography
Clara Barton was thirty-nine and on her second career when the Civil War started.
That didn’t stop her from getting involved, making a difference, and ultimately changing the world.
Let’s Back Up a Bit
Clarissa Harlowe Barton was born on Christmas Day (December 25th) in Massachusetts. The youngest child, with four much older siblings, Clara did not have an easy childhood. Her mother was not kind to her. Her siblings were more parents than playmates. However, Clara’s childhood wasn’t all bad. She attended school, where she excelled despite her shy demeanor. At home, Clara loved to hear her father’s war stories. When she was eleven, Clara&#;s older brother David fell off a barn roof and was bedridden for the following two years. Young Clara helped nurse him back to health. These experiences would prove beneficial, and at times crucial, to her humanitarian work later in life.
Clara Goes to Work
At the age of eighteen, Clara Barton went to work: not as a nurse, but as a teacher. In the s in the United States, nursing was a predominately male profession. Teaching was one of the few careers available to women. But that wasn’t the only reason Clara taught; s
An educator and humanitarian, Clarissa “Clara” Harlowe Barton helped distribute needed supplies to the Union Army during the Civil War and later founded the disaster relief organization, the American Red Cross.
Born on December 25, in Oxford, Massachusetts, Barton was the youngest of Stephen and Sarah Barton’s five children. Her father was a prosperous farmer. As a teenager, Barton helped care for her seriously ill brother David—her first experience as a nurse.
Barton’s family directed their painfully shy daughter to become a teacher upon the recommendation of renowned phrenologist L.N. Fowler, who examined her as a girl. She began teaching at age 18, founded a school for workers’ children at her brother’s mill when she was 24, and after moving to Bordentown, New Jersey, established the first free school there in She resigned when she discovered that the school had hired a man at twice her salary, saying she would never work for less than a man.
In she was hired as a recording clerk at the US Patent Office in Washington, DC, the first woman appointed to such a post. She was paid $1, annually, the same as her male colleagues. However, the following year, Secretary of the Int
Clara Barton
Who Was Clara Barton?
Clara Barton was an independent nurse during the Civil War. While visiting Europe after the war’s conclusion, she worked with a relief organization known as the International Red Cross and lobbied for an American branch when she returned home. The American Red Cross was founded in , and Barton served as its first president. The Red Cross continues to provide emergency assistance and disaster relief to this day, and Barton’s efforts helped pave the way for women in positions of leadership.
Quick Facts
FULL NAME: Clarissa Harlowe Barton
BORN: December 25,
DIED: April 12,
BIRTHPLACE: North Oxford, Massachusetts
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Capricorn
Early Life and Education
Clara Barton was born Clarissa Harlowe Barton on December 25, , in North Oxford, Massachusetts. Barton’s parents were Stephen Barton and Sarah Stone Barton. Stephen was a politician, horse breeder, and farmer who told his daughter stories of the American Indian Wars—helping Clara learn the importance of keeping an army equipped with food, clothing, and medical supplies. This would prove crucial later in her life.
Barton already had a talent with words by age 4, when she s
Clara Barton
Born in Massachusetts in , Clara Harlowe Barton was the youngest of five children. Barton supplemented her early education with practical experience, working as a clerk and book keeper for her oldest brother. She worked for several years as a teacher, even starting her own school in Bordentown, New Jersey in In she moved south to Washington, D.C. in search of a warmer climate. From to she was employed as a clerk in the Patent Office until her anti-slavery opinions made her too controversial. When she went home to New England she continued the charity works and philanthropy she had begun in Washington.
Early in Barton returned to Washington, D.C. and, when the Civil War broke out, she was one of the first volunteers to appear at the Washington Infirmary to care for wounded soldiers. After her father’s death late in , Barton left the city hospitals to go among the soldiers in the field. Her presence—and the supplies she brought with her in three army wagons—was particularly welcome at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) where overworked surgeons were trying to make bandages out of corn husks. Barton organized able-bodied men to perform first aid, carry water, a
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